Memory
Mice treated with
tetrahydrocannabinol show suppression of long-term potentiation in the hippocampus - a process that is essential for the formation and storage of long-term memory
[22]. These results concur with anecdotal evidence suggesting that smoked preparations of Cannabis Sativa attentuates short-term memory
[23]. Indeed, mice without the CB1 receptor show enhanced
memory and
long-term potentiation indicating that the endocannabinoid system may play a pivotal role in the extinction of old memories. Interestingly, recent research reported in a 2005
Journal Of Clinical Investigation article
[24] indicate that the high-dose treatment of rats with the synthetic cannabinoid,
HU-210 over a period of a few weeks resulted in stimulation of neural growth in the rats'
hippocampus region, a part of the limbic system playing a part in the formation of
declarative and
spatial memories.
[edit] Appetite
Those who use cannabis are familiar with its appetite-enhancing effects. Emerging data suggests that
THC act via CB1 receptors on hypothalamic nuclei, thus directly increasing appetite
[25][26]. It is thought that hypothalamic neurons tonically produce endocannabinoids that work to tightly regulate
hunger. Interestingly, the amount of endocannabinoids produced is inversely correlated with the amount of
leptin in the blood
[27]. For example, mice without leptin not only become massively obese but have higher-than-normal levels of hypothalamic endocannabinoids
[28]. Similarly, when these mice were treated with an endocannabinoid antagonist, such as
Rimonabant, food intake was reduced
[29]. When the [CB1] receptor is knocked out in mice, these animals tend to be leaner and less hungry than wild-type (or "normal") mice While there is need for more research, these results (and others) suggest that exogenous cannabinoids (as from smoking marijuana) in the hypothalamus activates a pathway responsible for food-seeking behavior
[30].